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Pressure Formula:
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Gauge pressure (P_g) is the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. It represents the additional pressure exerted by a fluid at a certain depth, calculated using the formula P_g = ρ g h, where ρ is fluid density, g is gravitational acceleration, and h is depth.
The calculator uses the pressure formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula calculates the pressure exerted by a static fluid at a specific depth, which increases linearly with depth due to the weight of the fluid above.
Details: Accurate pressure calculation is crucial for designing hydraulic systems, underwater structures, scuba diving equipment, and understanding fluid behavior in various engineering applications.
Tips: Enter fluid density in kg/m³, gravitational acceleration in m/s² (9.81 m/s² on Earth), and depth in meters. All values must be positive numbers.
Q1: What's the difference between gauge and absolute pressure?
A: Gauge pressure is measured relative to atmospheric pressure, while absolute pressure includes atmospheric pressure (P_abs = P_g + P_atm).
Q2: Does this formula work for all fluids?
A: Yes, but only for incompressible fluids with constant density. For compressible fluids like gases, more complex equations are needed.
Q3: How does pressure change with depth?
A: Pressure increases linearly with depth in a static fluid, regardless of the container shape.
Q4: What are typical density values for common fluids?
A: Water: ~1000 kg/m³, seawater: ~1025 kg/m³, mercury: ~13500 kg/m³, air: ~1.2 kg/m³ (at sea level).
Q5: Why is gravitational acceleration important?
A: Pressure results from the weight of the fluid above, which depends on gravity. The same fluid depth would exert different pressures on different planets.