1. What is the Magnus Formula?

The Magnus formula is an empirical relationship that calculates the saturation vapor pressure of water over liquid water as a function of temperature. It's widely used in meteorology and atmospheric sciences.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Magnus formula:

Where:

• \( e_s \) — Saturation vapor pressure (hPa)
• \( T \) — Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C)
• \( \exp \) — Exponential function

Explanation: The formula approximates the relationship between temperature and the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold before condensation occurs.

3. Importance of Vapor Pressure Calculation

Details: Calculating vapor pressure is essential for weather forecasting, humidity measurement, climate studies, and various industrial processes where moisture control is critical.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter temperature in degrees Celsius. The calculator will compute the saturation vapor pressure in hectopascals (hPa).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is saturation vapor pressure?
A: Saturation vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by water vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases at a given temperature.

Q2: How accurate is the Magnus formula?
A: The Magnus formula provides good accuracy for temperatures between -45°C to 60°C, with typical errors less than ±0.5% in this range.

Q3: What are the units for vapor pressure?
A: Vapor pressure is typically measured in hectopascals (hPa) or millibars (mb), which are equivalent (1 hPa = 1 mb).

Q4: How does vapor pressure relate to humidity?
A: Relative humidity is the ratio of actual vapor pressure to saturation vapor pressure, expressed as a percentage.

Q5: Why does vapor pressure increase with temperature?
A: Warmer air can hold more water vapor molecules, resulting in higher vapor pressure at higher temperatures.