1. What is Gauge Pressure at Depth?

Gauge pressure at depth refers to the pressure exerted by a fluid at a specific depth below its surface. It's calculated using the formula P_g = ρgh, where ρ is fluid density, g is gravitational acceleration, and h is depth.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pressure at depth formula:

Where:

• \( P_g \) — Gauge pressure (Pascals)
• \( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³)
• \( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (m/s²)
• \( h \) — Depth below fluid surface (m)

Explanation: This formula calculates the pressure increase due to the weight of the fluid above the measurement point.

3. Importance of Pressure Calculation

Details: Accurate pressure calculation is crucial for engineering applications, scuba diving, hydraulic systems, and understanding fluid behavior in various containers and natural bodies of water.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter fluid density in kg/m³ (water ≈ 1000 kg/m³), gravitational acceleration in m/s² (Earth ≈ 9.81 m/s²), and depth in meters. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between gauge and absolute pressure?
A: Gauge pressure is relative to atmospheric pressure, while absolute pressure includes atmospheric pressure (P_abs = P_g + P_atm).

Q2: Does this formula work for all fluids?
A: Yes, but the density value must be appropriate for the specific fluid (water, oil, mercury, etc.).

Q3: Why is gravitational acceleration needed?
A: Gravity determines the weight of the fluid column above the point, which directly affects the pressure.

Q4: How does pressure change with depth?
A: Pressure increases linearly with depth - for every meter of depth, pressure increases by ρg Pascals.

Q5: What are typical pressure values in water?
A: In freshwater, pressure increases by approximately 9.81 kPa for every meter of depth (9.81 kN/m² or 0.0981 bar per meter).