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Pressure Formula:
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A closed-end manometer is a device used to measure pressure differences by comparing the height of a liquid column in a U-shaped tube where one end is sealed. The height difference directly relates to the pressure being measured.
The calculator uses the hydrostatic pressure formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula calculates the pressure exerted by a fluid column based on its density, gravitational acceleration, and the height of the column.
Details: Accurate pressure measurement is crucial in various scientific and industrial applications, including meteorology, engineering, medicine, and laboratory experiments. Closed-end manometers provide a simple yet effective way to measure pressure differences.
Tips: Enter the fluid density in kg/m³, gravitational acceleration in m/s² (default is Earth's gravity 9.81 m/s²), and the height difference in meters. All values must be positive numbers.
Q1: What fluids are commonly used in manometers?
A: Mercury is commonly used due to its high density, but water, oil, or other liquids may be used depending on the pressure range being measured.
Q2: How does a closed-end manometer differ from an open-end manometer?
A: A closed-end manometer has one end sealed and measures absolute pressure, while an open-end manometer has both ends open and measures pressure relative to atmospheric pressure.
Q3: What are the limitations of this calculation?
A: The formula assumes the fluid is incompressible, temperature is constant, and gravitational acceleration is uniform. It may not account for capillary effects or fluid viscosity.
Q4: Can this calculator be used for gases?
A: The formula is primarily for liquid columns. For gas pressure measurements, different considerations may apply depending on the specific setup.
Q5: What units should I use for accurate results?
A: For consistent results, use SI units: kg/m³ for density, m/s² for gravity, and meters for height, which will give pressure in Pascals (Pa).