1. What is the Magnus Formula?

The Magnus formula is an empirical relationship that estimates the saturated vapor pressure of water over liquid water as a function of temperature. It's widely used in meteorology and atmospheric sciences.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Magnus formula:

Where:

• \( e_s \) — Saturated vapor pressure (hPa)
• \( T \) — Temperature in degrees Celsius (°C)
• \( \exp \) — Exponential function

Explanation: The formula provides an approximation of the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature before condensation occurs.

3. Importance of Saturated Vapor Pressure Calculation

Details: Calculating saturated vapor pressure is essential for understanding humidity, predicting weather patterns, designing HVAC systems, and various industrial processes involving water vapor.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the temperature in degrees Celsius. The calculator will compute the saturated vapor pressure in hectopascals (hPa).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How accurate is the Magnus formula?
A: The Magnus formula provides a good approximation for temperatures between -45°C and 60°C, with typical errors of less than 0.5%.

Q2: What are the units for vapor pressure?
A: Vapor pressure is typically measured in hectopascals (hPa) or millibars (mb), which are equivalent (1 hPa = 1 mb).

Q3: How does temperature affect vapor pressure?
A: Vapor pressure increases exponentially with temperature. Warmer air can hold significantly more water vapor than colder air.

Q4: What's the difference between actual and saturated vapor pressure?
A: Actual vapor pressure is the current water vapor pressure in the air, while saturated vapor pressure is the maximum possible at that temperature.

Q5: Are there alternative formulas for calculating vapor pressure?
A: Yes, other formulas include the August-Roche-Magnus, Tetens, and Goff-Gratch equations, each with slightly different coefficients and ranges of validity.